home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- <text>
- <title>
- Madagascar: Economy
- </title>
- <article><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Madagascar
- Economy</hdr><body>
- <p>Overview: Madagascar is one of the poorest countries in the world.
- Agriculture, including fishing and forestry, is the mainstay of the
- economy, accounting for over 30% of GDP and contributing to more than
- 70% of total export earnings. Industry is largely confined to the
- processing of agricultural products and textile manufacturing; in
- 1991 it accounted for only 13% of GDP. In 1986 the government
- introduced a five-year development plan that stressed
- self-sufficiency in food (mainly rice) by 1990, increased production
- for exports, and reduced energy imports. After mid-1991, however,
- output dropped sharply because of protracted antigovernment strikes
- and demonstrations for political reform.
- </p>
- <p>National product: GDP - exchange rate conversion - $2.5 billion
- (1992 est.)
- </p>
- <p>National product real growth rate: 1% (1992 est.)
- </p>
- <p>National product per capita: $200 (1992 est.)
- </p>
- <p>Inflation rate (consumer prices): 20% (1992 est.)
- </p>
- <p>Unemployment rate: NA%
- </p>
- <p>Budget: revenues $250 million; expenditures $265 million, including
- capital expenditures of $180 million (1991)
- </p>
- <list>
- <l>Exports: $312 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)</l>
- <l> commodities: coffee 45%, vanilla 20%, cloves 11%, sugar,
- petroleum products</l>
- <l> partners: France, Japan, Italy, Germany, US</l>
- <l>Imports: $350 million (f.o.b., 1992 est.)</l>
- <l> commodities: intermediate manufactures 30%, capital goods 28%,
- petroleum 15%, consumer goods 14%, food 13%</l>
- <l> partners: France, Germany, UK, other EC, US</l>
- </list>
- <p>External debt: $4.4 billion (1991)
- </p>
- <p>Industrial production: growth rate 5.2% (1990 est.); accounts for
- 13% of GDP
- </p>
- <p>Electricity: 125,000 kW capacity; 450 million kWh produced, 35 kWh
- per capita (1991)
- </p>
- <p>Industries: agricultural processing (meat canneries, soap
- factories, breweries, tanneries, sugar refining plants), light
- consumer goods industries (textiles, glassware), cement, automobile
- assembly plant, paper, petroleum
- </p>
- <p>Agriculture: accounts for 31% of GDP; cash crops - coffee, vanilla,
- sugarcane, cloves, cocoa; food crops - rice, cassava, beans, bananas,
- peanuts; cattle raising widespread; almost self-sufficient in rice
- </p>
- <p>Illicit drugs: illicit producer of cannabis (cultivated and wild
- varieties) used mostly for domestic consumption
- </p>
- <p>Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $136
- million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral
- commitments (1970-89), $3,125 million; Communist countries (1970-89),
- $491 million
- </p>
- <p>Currency: 1 Malagasy franc (FMG)=100 centimes
- </p>
- <p>Exchange rates: Malagasy francs (FMG) per US$1 - 1,910.2 (December
- 1992), 1,867.9 (1992), 1,835.4 (1991), 1,454.6 (December 1990),
- 1,603.4 (1989), 1,407.1 (1988), 1,069.2 (1987)
- </p>
- <p>Fiscal year: calendar year
- </p></body></article></text>
-
-